Native people’s voices in “Kamloops Wawa” (Part 1 )
An argument between an Indigenous man and a priest in British Columbia…
…It just goes to show you that that squiggly Kamloops Wawa alphabet really was considered “Chinook Writing”.
Most people who could read this alphabet in BC could read Chinuk Wawa well, but not even their own Salish language in it — let alone other languages.
And they had strong opinions about the topic:
Nanich iht man chi mamuk pipa kakwa, iaka wawa,
Look, one man has just written a letter like that, he says,“Ikta mamuk maika mamuk cim hloima lalan.g iaka styuil
“Why do you write foreign languages’ prayerskopa ukuk pipa? Wik naika tiki ukuk lalan.g styuil kopa naika
in this newspaper? I don’t like prayers in those languages in mypipa. Kopit Chinuk naika tiki kopa naika pipa. Pus wik maika
paper. Just Chinook is what I want in my paper. If you don’tkopit mamuk cim ukuk hloima lalan.g styuil kopa pipa,
stop writing those foreign language prayers in the paper,tlus maika kopit mash ukuk pipa kopa naika, pi kopa naika
you ought to stop sending this paper to me, and to mykluchmin, pi kopa naika tanas.”
wife, and to my kids.”[A reply:]
…Wik kata nsaika mamuk sitkom ukuk pipa pus patlach sitkom
…We can’t divide this paper to give halfkopa maika pi mash ukuk sitkom kopa paia. Pus maika sik
to you and throw that (other) half in the fire. If you’retomtom kopa ukuk hloima lalan.g styuil pi kopa ukuk
upset about these foreign language prayers and about thosehloima siisim, tlus maika mamuk kakshit ukuk pi mash
foreign stories, you should tear this up and toss itkopa paia. Klunas ilo klaksta sik tomtom kopa ukuk,
in the fire. I reckon nobody will be upset about that,klunas ayu tilikom ayu ihi kopa maika pus maika
I reckon lots of people will be laughing at you if youmamuk kakwa.
do that.
===
— Kamloops Wawa issue #128, May 1895, Pages 69-70
I love this because people (including myself) usually say that pidgins are strictly utilitarian and are not normally objects of linguistic loyalty, prescriptivism and other such feelings that are associated with traditional languages. This is a neatly illustrated exception!
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Oh heck yes, First Nations people are consistently reported as loving the Chinuk Pipa literacy, and by corollary, Chinuk Wawa.
(For Settlers, it was more common to love CW only in retrospect…once they’d gained the upper hand in the PNW, at which point CW was moribund for them.)
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Does anybody know of an online collection of Chinuk Pipa? I know archive.org has some (and here, of course), but it’d be a leg up for would-be learners to have a single place to go dedicated only to Pipa and be able to read all the publicly available writings.
If there isn’t, would anyone be interested in something like this?
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Besides what’s on archive.org here’s a few sites you can check out:
Kamloops Wawa: https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.8_04645
Kamloops Wawa: https://open.library.ubc.ca/collections/bcnewspapers/kwawa
USASK has quite a bit of chinuk pipa: https://iportal.usask.ca/index.php?t=display_solr_search&having=4639705&sid=978048064
You can also check out https://kaltashwawa.ca/
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Thank you!
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Great thing to ask about!
Three more excellent resources for Chinuk Pipa materials:
The USask Indigenous Studies Portal
Early Canadiana Online
BC Historical Newspapers
And of course my dissertation gives a simple outline of how Chinuk Pipa works.
Dave R.
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Thanks Dave!
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