Lempfrit’s legendary, long-lost linguistic legacy (part 2)
Lempfrit’s 1849 dictionary manuscript…a couple more pages…
…And I’ll present the whole document in this mini-series; further commentary to come.
1
Remarques préliminaires
Preliminary remarks~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1° Les noms n’ont ni genre, ni nombre ni déclinaisons.
1. The nouns have neither gender, nor number, nor (case) declinations.2. Il y a des mots qui correspondent a l’idée ou a l’action exprimée par un verbe: vg. naika wawa peut signifier également je parle, ou ma parole.
2. There are words that correspond to the idea or to the action expressed by a verb, e.g. naika wawa can mean equally ‘I speak’, or ‘my words’.3° Il y a des noms composés qui font connaître l’usage d’une chose, taye hauss vg maison d’un chef(,) taye passissi, couverture de chef, ou drap fin(.)
3. There are compound nouns that tell the usage of a thing, taye hauss for example, ‘chief’s house’, taye passissi, chief’s blanket, or high-quality sheet.4° Il y en a d’autres qui expriment la matière dont une chose est faite(,) skin schot chemise de peau.
4. There are others that express the material from which a thing is made, skin schot ‘shirt made of skin’.
roulement de quoi???
5. h surmonté du signe ~ se prononce avec un certain roulement de gosier. [thanks to Mikael Parkvall, see Comments below]
5. “H” capped by the sign ~ is pronounced with a certain rolling of the gullet.6 Le signe (•) placé devant la même lettre indique l’haspiration(,) niwh•a(,) donc.
6 The sign (•) placed in front of the same letter indicates “haspiration”, niwh•a, ‘so then (go ahead and do it)’.[page break]
7° Le signe — indique que la syllabe est longue, le signe ̆ qu’elle est brève.
7. The sign — indicates that the syllable is long, the sign ̆ that it is short.8° Pour exprimer le plus ou le moins de durée, d’étendue, d’éloignement, de grandeur(,) on s’arrête plus ou moins sur la première syllable [SIC] de l’adjectif ou du verbe qui exprime une de ces qualités.
8. To express greater or lesser duration, extent, distance, size, you dwell more or less on the first syllable of the adjective or verb that expresses one of these qualities.9° Il n’y a point d’article.
9. There is no article whatsoever.10° Les noms se sont classés non par ordre alphabétique, mais suivant l’ordre de leur espèce respective afin de pouvoir ajouter les mots qui pourraient être connus.
10. The nouns are classed not by alphabetic order, but following the order of their respective kinds with a goal of being able to add words that may become known (later).11 Comme son nom l’indique le jargon Chkinouk [SIC] n’est pas une langue complète mais seulement un jargon composé de mots sauvage, anglais et français. Ceux des deux dernières langues seront un peu dénaturés pour mieux les adapter à la prononciation des Indiens.
11. As its name indicates the Chinook Jargon is not a complete language but only a jargon composed of Indian, English, and French words. These two last languages are bound to be a bit denatured in order to better adapt them to the pronunciation of the Indians.P[r]emiere espece de mots. 2
First kind of words. 2-Les noms-
-Nouns-Săh͂ălé tayé – Dieu (le chef d’en haut)
God (the chief above)Săh͂ălé – Ciel, en haut
Sky/heaven, aboveEléé – Terre, pays, contrée
Land, country, countrysideSon – Soleil, jour.
Sun, day.Moun – Mois, Lune.
Month, moon.Tănăs-măn – petit garçon
Little boyTloutchimin – femme, femelle
Woman, femaleTănăs Tloutchimin – petite fille
Little girlPapa – père
FatherTanas – petit enfant
Small childNah•a – mère
Motherh͂apwh•o – frère ou soeur ainée
Elder brother or sisterhaw – frère cadet
Younger brotherhats – soeur cadete [cadette]
Younger sisterPaya – feu
FireOlipitsiki – feu
FireStik – arbre, bois, mat [mât]
Tree, wood, mast
“gorier” = “gosier”?
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hayu masi, that’s got to be it!
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I agree with Mikael Parkvall:
throat
gorge, gosier
gullet
œsophage, gosier
gorge
gorge, passage, gosier, ventre
(from Google translate)
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My suspicions as posted to your first notice of this new find are confirmed by these first installments: this is from the same original source published in part by Rena Grant (California Folklore Quarterly, Oct 1951), said by her to be a copy in the hand of Alphonse Pinart. I sure hope we will learn more about who Lempfrit was, and what his relationship to the first L Columbia missionary priests, Demers and Blanchet, was. Saying all that, I’m glad to see this, and look forward to having the complete transcript as copied by someone who has your (Dave’s) extensive experience with the language. Grant’s transcript is confined to the dictionary and she doesn’t always correctly interpret Pinart’s difficult handwriting (I was able to get a printout from the microfilm at the Bancroft to check when compiling the 2012 Grand Ronde dictionary, which helped a lot). The Pinart copy also contains the Catholic prayers and hymns which were published along with the dictionary by Blanchet and St Onge in 1871 (St Onge being the source of the systematic orthography in which the published version appears), but not the catechism. These various materials are all attributed there to Demers, who was known for his fluency in Jargon and general linguistic aptitude. So I’ve heard a lot about Demers, but your earlier posts are the first I’ve ever heard of someone named Lampfrit. To repeat what I think I may have already said: I got into the weeds of this thing while compiling the 2012 Grand Ronde dictionary, and became convinced that it is an earlier version of the same dictionary published in 1871 under the names of Demers, Blanchet, and St Onge. So what explains the fact that we haven’t encountered the name Lempfrit before in relation to this material?
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Lempfrit / Lampfrit simply wasn’t in the PNW very long, and he was a comparative latecomer. It’s virtually guaranteed that he copied this vocabulary from someone else, you’re convincing me. As was customary he gave no credit to the original compiler when doing so. One neat point is that Lempfrit’s copy is perhaps the earliest version of Demers et al. 1871 known to us that uses the fancy diacritic marks…
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Thanks for the clarification. I look forward to seeing more of this really important source. Does Lempfrit ‘s version also include the Christian prayers and hymns? (I guess we will find out presently.) My hunch is that the original was Demers’ work, and I wonder if that survives and if so where. Not at the Victoria diocesan archives (where Demers was Bishop in his last years), as I have visited there and there is nothing like that (as far as I was shown).
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I did look at the Pinart MS in tghe Bancroft c. 1992 and I had the feeling it was a redaction of the Demers lexicon; disappointing as I had heard of this MS before I went to uni.
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tlax̣ayam !
I do not speak fluently your language (american english) but the french is my mother tongue and naika kêmtêks chinuk wawa, tlunas naika mamukye’lan kopa msaika. The manuscript ” manuscrit américaniste n° 72” of the BNF is very easy to read and understand, if you are deleyt pasayuks (of course!).
The word is « gosier » (throat) you must understand that this sound is produced in the posterior part of the throat. Difference between x and x̣
10 « les noms se sont classés » this is not what is written. « les noms seront classés » this is what is written : seront is a future of the verb être (to be) tlush kagwa !
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Merci beaucoup, I myself have only a passive reading knowledge of French, and the old-fashioned handwriting is really challenging to read sometimes! Your comments are very welcome! — Dave R.
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