1893: Newly discovered — more Betseyannspikes
“She” spoke really good Chinuk Wawa, and “Deer Ed.” didn’t need to translate it for his readers.
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1890: “Icta” in Notes and Queries
From the wonderful old language discussion forum, American Notes and Queries, comes this note on a Pacific Northwest English borrowing from Chinuk Wawa: Icta (Vol. v, pp. 66, etc.). — Icta, or icter, is a… Continue reading
Stories: 1897 “Foks pi Kayuti” + “Coyote and Fox”
It’s time to update the first linguistic study I ever published on Chinuk Wawa. (That’s a live link, if you want to go read some scholarly prose.)
1914: LBDB’s “Chinook-English Songs”, part 3 of 15 “Ole Kull Stick Tamolitsh”
IMHO: this one is right up there with the greatest productions of Google Translate, or of any nonsense verse writer.
Explicit Métis influence on Secwépemc culture + language
These local tribal people had long acquaintance with the fur trade, and they were consistent in identifying Métis influence.
1866: “A Song-ish Legend” translated into English verse
Compare this with the 100% Chinook Jargon “Songish Legend” that I’ve separately written about…
1913 [circa 1859]: Oh, Dewdney, car mika chaco?
This article specifies that the following took place “over fifty years ago”, so it was perhaps around 1859, early in Settler era of BC.
1866: “A Songish Legend” poem (the Chinook original)
Praise where praise is due: this early PNW doggerel poem manages to rhyme in Chinook Jargon!
1808-1810: The wreck of the Sv. Nikolai
One surviving travel narrative from early PNW contact times is not about trading, but about a year and a half of terror.
Cashman 1900 [1899] and Ahtna Chinuk Wawa / Pidgin English
In south-central Alaska, Ahtna Athabaskan people’s Chinook Jargon (Chinuk Wawa) was as mixed with English as we’ve seen in previously known sources. {Clickable link there.} Stick Indians (Ahtnas), Plate 122 of the Report… Continue reading