Pidgin and creole languages LOVE “Ø” Object pronouns!
I’ll keep this as minimal as I can, in the spirit of the topic of “silent pronouns”.
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1905: English/Jargon doggerel for the “Sultan of Zulu”
How much do you know about the Sultan of Zulu?
1905, WA: German-American social invitation
Nahh! Our Chinook invitation files are bulging.
Poser 2003 on ᑐᑊᘁᗕᑋᗸ…there are many parallels with Chinuk Pipa
I’m in the business of checking everything that’s said in the scholarly world about Chinook Jargon, so today I’ll have a look at a paper by my friend Bill Poser.
1887, Yakima, WA: Indigenous speeches in Chinook Jargon at the 4th of July
Here’s a nice example of Indigenous leaders making public speeches in Chinuk Wawa during the frontier era…at the Settler celebration par excellence.
Is {overt pronoun subject} + Verb from Indo-European?
Here’s a very simple point about the early formation of Chinook Jargon.
Do Active/Stative languages have Causatives?
Previous linguistic researchers, including me, have called the mamuk- (in the Southern Dialect munk-) formation of verbs a “Causative”, which isn’t totally wrong.
1897, BC: words for ‘breast(s)’, and Red River Métis
You may recall, I’ve previously written about the word tit in Northern Chinook Jargon.
“The Survey of Vancouver English”: Part 2, “skookum”
An interesting report, “The Survey of Vancouver English“, is subtitled “A Sociolinguistic Study of Urban Canadian English”.
“Frazer’s River” BC timeline, 1858 — how the Jargon suddenly got brought into New Caledonia
A rare clear starting point in language history is the introduction of Chinook Jargon into mainland British Columbia (New Caledonia then), which we can place in 1858.