“Queenhithe” for “Quinault”

Today’s post is mainly in the interest of helping folks who read old Pacific NW documents.

This is not directly about Chinook Jargon.

queenhithe-ogilby-morgan-1676_sepia_800x500_labelled

Image credit: Know Your London

You may have come across the tribe name / place name “Queenhithe” or “Queenhythe”, for the Quinault Salish people of the Washington coast.

Those spellings are pretty good approximations of the actual name, kwínaył.

But there’s a further reason for these specific spellings.

There is a place in London, England called Queenhithe. From Wikipedia:

Queenhithe is a small and ancient ward of the City of London, situated by the River Thames and to the south of St. Paul’s Cathedral. The Millennium Bridge crosses into the City at Queenhithe.

Queenhithe is also the name of the ancient, but now disused, dock and a minor street, which runs along that dock, both of which are within the ward.

History

The ward’s name derives from the “Queen’s Dock”,[3] or “Queen’s Quay”, which was probably a Roman dock (or small harbour), but known in Saxon times as “Aeðereshyð”, later “Ethelred’s Hythe”. The dock existed during the period when the Wessex king, Alfred the Great, re-established the City of London, circa 886 AD. It only became “Queenhithe” (spelt archaically as “Queenhythe”) when Matilda, wife of King Henry I, was granted duties on goods landed there. The Queenhithe dock remains today, but has long fallen out of use and is heavily silted up (being tidal). Queenhithe harbour was used for importing corn into London and continued to be in use into the 20th century, by the fur and tanning trades. Being upstream of London Bridge, however, meant that large sea-going sailing ships could no longer safely reach the dock from the sea. 

The historical occurrences of this English-looking name for “Quinault” are found earlyish in the frontier era, from two of the region’s first non-Indigenous visitors: John Meares in 1788 (“Queenhithe“) and Charles Bishop in 1797 (“Queenhythe“).

So I suggest that those mariners, both British, may have mentally connected “Quinault” with a place they were familiar with back home.

ikta mayka chaku-kəmtəks?
What have you learned?

qʰáta máyka tə́mtəm?